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Snakes can hear you scream, University of Queensland research shows

They might not have ears, but snakes can hear, new Australian-led research has found

Australian-led research has found that snakes can hear and woma pythons, like this one pictured, tend to move towards sounds. Picture: Jake Rivera
Australian-led research has found that snakes can hear and woma pythons, like this one pictured, tend to move towards sounds. Picture: Jake Rivera

READING LEVEL: GREEN

They might not have ears, but snakes can hear, researchers have found.

A University of Queensland-led study found that as well as ground vibrations, snakes can hear and react to airborne sound.

Three different sounds were played to captive-bred snakes one at a time in a soundproof room.

Dr Christina Zdenek, pictured with Doofus the snake in 2015, said most people thought snakes were deaf because they don’t have ears. Picture: Regina King
Dr Christina Zdenek, pictured with Doofus the snake in 2015, said most people thought snakes were deaf because they don’t have ears. Picture: Regina King

“Because snakes don’t have external ears, people typically think they’re deaf and can only feel vibrations through the ground and into their bodies,” said Dr Christina Zdenek, from the university’s School of Biological Sciences.

“But our research – the first of its kind using non-anaesthetised*, freely moving snakes – found they do react to soundwaves travelling through the air and possibly human voices.”

Death adders like this one were found to be likely to move away from sounds they hear. Picture: Ross McGibbon
Death adders like this one were found to be likely to move away from sounds they hear. Picture: Ross McGibbon

The study, involving 19 snakes from five genetic families, found the reactions strongly depended on the type of snake.

“Only the woma python tended to move toward sound, while taipans, brown snakes and especially death adders were all more likely to move away from it,” Dr Zdenek said.

“The types of behavioural reactions also differed, with taipans in particular more likely to exhibit defensive and cautious responses to sound.”

Snake catcher and breeder Brett Modra handles a female coastal taipan. Taipans were found to be more likely than other snakes to respond defensively and cautiously to sounds they hear. Picture: Emma Murray
Snake catcher and breeder Brett Modra handles a female coastal taipan. Taipans were found to be more likely than other snakes to respond defensively and cautiously to sounds they hear. Picture: Emma Murray

Dr Zdenek said the different reactions were likely because of evolutionary* pressures over millions of years, designed to aid survival and reproduction.

“For example, woma pythons are large nocturnal* snakes with fewer predators* than smaller species and probably don’t need to be as cautious, so they tended to approach sound,” Dr Zdenek said.

“But taipans may have to worry about raptor* predators and they also actively pursue their prey, so their senses seem to be much more sensitive.”

Ellen Parker, 5, gets to know woma python Lulu at Cleland Wildlife Park in South Australia in 2016. Picture: Dylan Coker
Ellen Parker, 5, gets to know woma python Lulu at Cleland Wildlife Park in South Australia in 2016. Picture: Dylan Coker

Dr Zdenek said the findings, published in the journal Plos One, challenged the assumption* that snakes can’t hear sound, such as humans talking or yelling, and could reshape the view on how they react to sound.

“We know very little about how most snake species navigate situations and landscapes around the world,” Dr Zdenek said.

“But our study shows that sound may be an important part of their sensory* repertoire*.

“Snakes are very vulnerable, timid creatures that hide most of the time, and we still have so much to learn about them.”

GLOSSARY

  • non-anaesthetised: not given an anaesthetic to make them go to sleep and unable to feel
  • evolutionary: to do with the process of gradual change or development
  • nocturnal: active at night
  • predators: animals that naturally hunt and eat other animals
  • raptor: bird of prey, such as a hawk or eagle
  • assumption: to think something is true without any proof
  • sensory: to do with the senses of touch, smell, taste, hearing and sight
  • repertoire: the range of skills or abilities that can be used

EXTRA READING

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Dino demise was good news for snakes

Aussie python celebrates World Snake Day

QUICK QUIZ

  1. Which university led this study?
  2. How many different sounds were played to the snakes?
  3. How many snakes were involved in the study?
  4. Which snake tended to move towards sound?
  5. Which snake tended to react defensively and cautiously to sound?

LISTEN TO THIS STORY

CLASSROOM ACTIVITIES
1. Snake comic strip
With the new-found knowledge that snakes can in fact, hear, create a six-part comic strip involving the different types of snakes mentioned in the Kids News article.

Time: allow 30 minutes to complete this activity
Curriculum Links: English, Visual Art, Critical and creative thinking

2. Extension
If snakes can hear, especially human voices, do you think there is a possibility that you could train them, like other animals?

If you could train a snake by voice, what would you teach it to do?

Time: allow 10 minutes to complete this activity
Curriculum Links: English, Science, Critical and creative thinking

VCOP ACTIVITY
Imaginative dialogue
Now that we know snakes can hear, imagine that you could have a conversation with a snake. What could the two of you talk about?

Don’t forget to try to use facts and details from the article to help make your dialogue as realistic as possible.

Go through your writing and highlight any punctuation you have used in green. Make sure you carefully check the punctuation used for the dialogue and ensure you have opened and closed the speaking in the correct places.